ENAE -- Engineering, Aerospace

ENAE 403 Aircraft Flight Dynamics (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432; and ENAE 414. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Study of motion of aircraft, equations of motion, aerodynamic force representation, longitudinal and lateral motions, response to contols and to atmospheric disturbances, handling qualities criteria and other figures of merit.

ENAE 404 Space Flight Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 301. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Three-dimensional motion under central fields. Solutions to orbital motion, orbital elements, time elements. Kepler's laws. Orbital maneuvering, rendezvous and station-keeping. Rigid-body attitude dynamics, spacecraft attitude dynamics.

ENAE 414 Aerodynamics II (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 311. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Junior standing. Aerodynamics of inviscid incompressible flows. Aerodynamic forces and moments. Fluid statics/buoyancy force. Vorticity, circulation, the stream function and the velocity potential. Bernoulli's and Laplace's equations. Flows in low speed wind tunnels and airspeed measurement. Potential flows involving sources and sinks, doublets, and vortices. Development of the theory of airfoils and wings.

ENAE 416 Viscous Flow and Aerodynamic Heating (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 311. Recommended: ENAE 414. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Derivation of the conservation equations and applications to viscous flows while the energy equation is simplified for conduction in solids. Exact and approximate solutions for steady and unsteady conduction. Exact solutions for channel flow, couette flow, pipe flow and stagnation point flows. Boundary layer simplifications and exact solutions of the boundary layer equations for flat plates and self similar flows. Approximate and integral solutions of the boundary layer equations. Emphasis on aerodynamic heating and thermal control.

ENAE 423 Vibration and Aeroelasticity (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 322. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Continuation of ENAE 322. Dynamic response of single and multiple degrees of freedom systems, finite element modeling, wing divergence, aileron reversal, wing and panel flutter.

ENAE 424 Design and Manufacture of Composite Prototypes (3) Two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory per week. Corequisite: ENAE 322 or equivalent. Manufacturing practices involving composites. Developing a manufacturing process for a composite component integrating the many aspects including cost, schedule, performance. Student teams provide oral and written reports of the design and manufacture of a composite prototype.

ENAE 426 Computer-Aided Structural Analysis and Design (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 423. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Provides an understanding of the application of the finite element method (FEM) through the use of a general purpose FEM computer software to perform Static and Normal Modes Analysis.

ENAE 432 Control of Aerospace Systems (3) Prerequisite: grade of C or better in ENAE 281 and ENAE 282 and ENES 221 and MATH 246 and ENAE 301. Junior standing. Formerly ENAE 332. An introduction to the feedback control of dynamic systems. Laplace transforms and transfer function techniques; frequency response and Bode diagrams. Stability analysis via Root Locus and Nyquist techniques. Performance specifications in time and frequency domains, and design of compensation strategies to meet performance goals.

ENAE 441 Space Navigation and Guidance (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432 and ENAE 404. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Principles of navigation. Celestial, radio, and inertial navigation schemes. Navigational and guidance requirements for orbital, planetary, and atmospheric entry missions. Fundamentals of communications and information theory. Link budgets, antennas and telemetry systems.

ENAE 455 Aircraft Propulsion and Power (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 414. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Thermodynamic cycle analysis, aerothermochemistry of fuels and propellants, operating principles of piston, turbojet, fanjet, and other variations of airbreathing aircraft power units.

ENAE 457 Space Propulsion and Power (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 311 and PHYS 263. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Senior standing. Thermodynamic cycle analysis, aerothermochemistry of fuels and propellants, operating principles of rocket, ion, and other exoatmospheric power units.

ENAE 464 Aerospace Engineering Laboratory (3) Two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisites: ENAE 311; and ENAE 322; and ENAE 432; and ENAE 362. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Application of fundamental measuring techniques to measurements in aerospace engineering. Includes experiments in aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, flight dynamics and astrodynamics. Correlation of theory with experimental results.

ENAE 481 Principles of Aircraft Design (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 322; and ENAE 432; and ENAE 362; and ENAE 414. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Aircraft design principles blending both synthesis and analysis. The iterative nature of the design process. Applied aerodynamics. Elements of aircraft performance calculation and optimization. Design of aircraft including payload, crew and avionics provisions, propulsion selection and sizing, aerodynamic configuration optimization, mass properties, stability and control characteristics, and vehicle subsystems. Individual student projects in aircraft design.

ENAE 482 Aeronautical Systems Design (3) Two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisites: ENAE 403; and ENAE 423; and ENAE 455; and ENAE 481. Senior standing. For ENAE majors only. Senior capstone design course in the aeronautics track. Introduction of computerized methods for sizing and performance analysis. More comprehensive methods to predict weight, aerodynamics and propulsion system characteristics. Consideration in design disciplines such as vulnerability, maintainability, produceability, etc. Groups of students will complete, brief and report on a major design study to specific requirements.

ENAE 483 Principles of Space Systems Design (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 322; and ENAE 432; and ENAE 362; and ENAE 404. ENAE majors only or permission of department. Principles of space systems analysis and vehicle design. Launch vehicle performance analysis and optimization. Design of vehicle systems including avionics, power, propulsion, life support, human factors, structures, actuator and mechanisms, and thermal control. Design processes and design synthesis. Individual student projects in vehicle design.

ENAE 484 Space Systems Design (3) Three hours of lecture and six hours of discussion/recitation per week. Prerequisites: ENAE 423; and ENAE 441; and ENAE 457; and ENAE 483. For ENAE majors only. Senior capstone design course in the space track. Group preliminary design of a space system, including system and subsystem design, configuration control, costing, risk analysis, and programmatic development. Course also emphasizes written and oral engineering communications.

ENAE 488 Topics in Aerospace Engineering (1-4) Technical elective taken with the permission of the student's advisor and instructor. Lecture and conference courses designed to extend the student's understanding of aerospace engineering. Current topics are emphasized.

ENAE 499 Elective Research (1-3) Prerequisites: senior standing in ENAE major and permission of department, instructor, and student's advisor. Repeatable to 6 credits. Original research projects terminating in a written report.

ENAE 601 Astrodynamics (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 404 and ENAE 441. Mathematics and applications of orbit theory, building upon the foundations developed in ENAE 404 and ENAE 441. Topics include two body orbits, solutions of Kepler's equation, the two-point boundary value problem, rendezvous techniques, and Encke's method.

ENAE 602 Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics and Control (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 404 and ENAE 432. Rigid body rotational dynamics of spacecraft; forced and unforced motion, torques produced by the orbital environment; orbit/attitude coupling; gas jet, momentum wheel, and magnetic torque actuators. Elementary feedback attitude regulators and algorithms for linear and nonlinear attitude tracking.

ENAE 631 Helicopter Aerodynamics I (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 311 and ENAE 414 or permission of both department and instructor. A history of rotary-wing aircraft, introduction to hovering theory, hovering and axial flight performance, factors affecting hovering and vertical flight performance, autorotation in vertical descent, concepts of blade motion and control, aerodynamics of forward flight, forward flight performance, operational envelope, and introduction to rotor acoustics.

ENAE 632 Helicopter Aerodynamics II (3) Prerequisites: {ENAE 631; and ENAE 311 and ENAE 414 or equivalent} or permission of both department and instructor. Basic aerodynamic design issues associated with main rotors and tail rotors, discussion of detailed aerodynamic characteristics of rotor airfoils, modeling of rotor airfoil characteristics, review of classical methods of modeling unsteady aerodynamics, the problem of dynamic stall, review of methods of rotor analysis, physical description and modeling of rotor vortical wakes, discussion of aerodynamic interactional phenomena on rotorcraft, advanced rotor tip design, physics and modeling of rotor acoustics.

ENAE 633 Helicopter Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 631 or permission of both department and instructor. Flap dynamics. Mathematical methods to solve rotor dynamics problems. Flap-lag-torsion dynamics and identify structural and inertial coupling terms. Overview on rotary wing unsteady aerodynamics. Basic theory of blade aeroelastic stability and ground and air resonance stability, vibration analyses and suppression.

ENAE 634 Helicopter Design (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 631 or permission of both department and instructor. Principles and practice of the preliminary design of helicopters and similar rotary wing aircrafts. Design trend studies, configuration selection and sizing methods, performance and handling qualities analyses, structural concepts, vibration reduction and noise. Required independent design project conforming to a standard helicopter request for proposal (RFP).

ENAE 635 Helicopter Stability and Control (3) Prerequisite: {ENAE 631 and ENAE 642,} or permission of department. Advanced dynamics as required to model rotorcraft for flight dynamic studies. Development of helicopter simulation models and specifications of handling qualities. Methods for calculation of trim, poles, frequency response, and free flight response to pilot inputs.

ENAE 640 Atmospheric Flight Mechanics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 403 or permission of department. Studies in the dynamics and control of flight vehicles. Fundamentals of the dynamics of rigid and non-rigid bodies and their motion under the influence of aerodynamic and gravitational forces.

ENAE 641 Linear System Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 432. Linear systems; state space, multi-input, multi-output models; eigenstructure; controllability, observability, singular value analysis; multivariable Nyquist condition; observer design; introduction to Kalman filtering. Full state feedback techniques including pole placement and LQR/LQG techniques; introduction to loop shaping and robustness.

ENAE 642 Atmospheric Flight Control (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432 and ENAE 403, or equivalents. Exposure to flight guidance and control. Draws heavily from vehicle dynamics as well as feedback theory, and careful treatment of the non-linear aspects of the problem is critical. Conventional sythesis techniques are stressed, although modern methods are not ignored. Multivariable system analysis is included, along with flight-control design objectives and hardware limitations. Emphasis on aircraft and missiles.

ENAE 643 Digital Control (3) Two hours of lecture and one hour of laboratory per week. Prerequisite: ENAE 432 or equivalent. Digital implementation of feedback control algorithms. Mixed continuous/ discrete nature of such systems. Folding effects, quantization, sample-rate selection, direct digital design, z- and w'-transform analysis. Anti-aliasing and control smoothing filters. Flight-control and/or robotics case studies.

ENAE 644 Optimal Control of Aerospace Systems (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432, ENAE 403 or ENAE 404, or equivalents. Formal optimization of linear and non-linear dynamic systems, developed rigorously via the calculus of variations - first and second variations. Treatment of dynamic constraints, terminal conditions, fixed and free final times. Numerical techniques to the non-linear optimization problem are stressed. Investigation of optimal aerodynamic shapes, trajectory optimization, optimal flight guidance. Final project includes numerical analysis.

ENAE 650 Variational Methods in Structural Mechanics (3) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Review of theory of linear elasticity; application of calculus of variations and variational principles of elasticity; virtual work principle; applications to aerospace structures.

ENAE 651 Smart Structures (3) Topics related to the analysis, design, and implementation of smart structures and systems: modeling of beams and plates with induced strain actuation; shape memory alloys; electro-rheological fluids; magnetostrictor and electrostricter actuators and fiber optic sensors.

ENAE 652 Finite Element Method in Engineering (3) Prerequisite: permission of both department and instructor. Development of finite element representation of continua. Derivation of shell elements and parametric representation of two and three dimensional elements. Application to aerospace structures.

ENAE 653 Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Continua (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 652 or equivalent. Finite element formulation of nonlinear and time dependent processes. Introduction to tensors, nonlinear elasticity, plasticity and creep. Application to nonlinear solids including aerospace structures, such as shells undergoing finite rotations.

ENAE 654 Composite Structures (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 452 or permission of both department and instructor. Stiffness of unidirectional composites, stress and strain transformation, inplane and bending stiffness of symmetric laminates, properties of general laminates, strength of composite structures, environmental effect.

ENAE 655 Structural Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 452 or permission of department. Advanced principles of dynamics necessary for structural analysis; solutions of eigenvalue problems for discrete and continuous elastic systems, solutions to forced response boundary value problems by direct, modal, and transform methods.

ENAE 656 Aeroelasticity (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 655 or permission of department. Topics in aeroelasticity: wing divergence; aileron reversal; flexibility effects on aircraft stability derivatives; wing, empennage and aircraft flutter; panel flutter; aircraft gust response; and aeroservoelasticity of airplanes.

ENAE 657 Theory of Structural Stability (3) Prerequisite: permission of both department and instructor. Static and dynamic stability of structural systems. Classification of leading systems: linear and nonlinear post--buckling behavior. Perfect and imperfect system behavior. Buckling and failure of columns and plates.

ENAE 661 Advanced Propulsion I (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 455; and ENAE 457. Special problems of thermodynamics and dynamics of aircraft power plants; jet, rocket and ramjet engines. Plasma, ion and nuclear propulsion for space vehicles.

ENAE 662 Advanced Propulsion II (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 661. Special problems of thermodynamics and dynamics of aircraft power plants; jet, rocket and ramjet engines. Plasma, ion and nuclear propulsion for space vehicles.

ENAE 670 Fundamentals of Aerodynamics (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Introduction to aerodynamics for aerospace engineering students specializing in fields other than aerodynamics. Broad coverage of flight regimes, inviscid theory, incompressible theory, subsonic compressible flow, linearized supersonic flow, hypersonic flow, viscous flows, Navier-Stokes equations, boundary layer theories.

ENAE 674 Aerodynamics of Compressible Fluids (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 471 or permission of department. One-dimensional flow of a perfect compressible fluid. Shock waves. Two-dimensional linearized theory of compressible flow. Two-dimensional transonic and hypersonic flows. Exact solutions of two-dimensional isotropic flow. Linearized theory of three-dimensional potential flow. Exact solution of axially symmetrical potential flow. One-dimensional flow with friction and heat addition.

ENAE 676 Aerodynamics of Viscous Fluids (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 416 or permission of department. Derivation of navier stokes equations, some exact solutions: boundary layer equations. Laminar flow-similar solutions, compressibility, transformations, analytic approximations, numerical methods, stability and transition to turbulent flow. Turbulent flow-istropic turbulence, boundary layer flows, free mixing flows.

ENAE 681 Engineering Optimization (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Methods for unconstrained and constrained minimization of functions of several variables. Sensitivity analysis for systems of algebraic equations, eigenvalue problems, and systems of ordinary differential equations. Methods for transformation of an optimization problem into a sequence of approximate problems. Optimum design sensitivity analysis.

ENAE 682 Hypersonic Aerodynamics (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Hypersonic shock and expansion waves, Newtonian theory, Mach methods, numerical solutions to hypersonic inviscid flows, hypersonic boundary layer theory, viscous interactions, numerical solutions to hypersonic viscous flows. Applications to hypersonic vehicles.

ENAE 683 High Temperature Gas Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Aspects of physical chemistry and statistical thermodynamics necessary for the analysis of high temperature flows, equilibrium and nonequilibrium chemically reacting flows, shock waves, nozzle flows, viscous chemically reacting flow, blunt body flows, chemically reacting boundary layers, elements of radiative gas dynamics and applications to hypersonic vehicles.

ENAE 684 Computational Fluid Dynamics I (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Partial differential equations applied to flow modelling, fundamental numerical techniques for the solution of these equations, elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic equations, elements of finite difference solutions, explicit and implicit techniques. Applications to fundamental flow problems.

ENAE 685 Computational Fluid Dynamics II (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 684 or permission of department. Continuation of ENAE 684. Basic algorithms for the numerical solution of two and three dimensional inviscid and viscous flows. Applications to internal and external flow problems.

ENAE 688 Seminar (1-3)

ENAE 691 Satellite Design (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 483. Systems design of Earth-orbiting satellites, including geostationary communications satellites and low Earth orbit constellations. Basics of orbital motion, communications, and instrument design. Spacecraft systems, structural design, thermal design, power generation, and attitude determination and control. Launch vehicle interfacing and mission operations.

ENAE 692 Introduction to Space Robotics (3) Analysis techniques for manipulator kinematics and dynamics. DH parameters, serial and parallel manipulators, approaches to redundancy. Applications of robots to space operations, including manipulators on free-flying bases, satellite servicing, and planetary surface mobility. Sensors, actuators, and mechanism design. Command and control with humans in the loop.

ENAE 693 Space Simulation (3) Physical characteristics of the space environment, and approaches to simulating them on Earth. Systems modeling; kinematics and dynamics. Required degrees of freedom and levels of fidelity. Physical simulations, including neutral buoyancy, air-bearing, and motion carriages. Instrumentation and data collection, error analysis, correlation, and performance metrics.

ENAE 694 Spacecraft Communications (3) Brief overview of satellite orbits. Radio frequency communications, noise, and bandwidth limitations. Link budget analysis. Modulation and multiplexing approaches, multiple access systems. Satellite transponder and Earth station technology.

ENAE 696 Spacecraft Thermal Design (3) Thermal sources in space. Black-body radiation; absorptivity and emissivity; radiative thermal equilibrium. Mutually radiating plates, view angles, and interior conduction. Techniques of spacecraft thermal analysis; approaches to passive and active thermal control.

ENAE 697 Space Human Factors and Life Support (3) Engineering requirements supporting humans in space. Life support design: radiation effects and mitigation strategies; requirements for atmosphere; water, food, and temperature control. Accommodations for human productivity in space: physical and psychological requirements; work station design; and safety implication of system architectures. Design and operations for extra-vehicular activity.

ENAE 741 Interplanetary Navigation and Guidance (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432 and ENAE 601. Interplanetary trajectory construction; patched and multiconic techniques. Methods of orbit and attitude determination; applied Kalman filtering. Guidance algorithms and B-plane targeting. Interplanetary navigation utilizing in situ and radio techniques.

ENAE 742 Robust Multivariable Control (3) Prerequisites: ENAE 432 or equivalent, plus graduate-level exposure to linear systems and linear algebra. Limitations on achievable performance in multivariable feedback systems due to uncertainty. Singular values, matrix norms, multivariable Nyquist stability theory, uncertainty modeling in aerospace systems. Loop-shaping, generalization of Bode design principles. Characterizing the uncertainty, robustness and performance analysis, and synthesis, primarily in the frequency domain. Current research directions. Aerospace examples are used to complement the theory.

ENAE 743 Applied Nonlinear Control of Aerospace Vehicles (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 641. Modern methods of analysis and synthesis of multivariable nonlinear control techniques for aircraft, spacecraft, and space manipulator systems. Topics include passivity and Lyapunov theory, feedback linearization, nonlinear observers, Hamiltonian methods, robust controller design, and an introduction to adaptive nonlinear control methods.

ENAE 754 Integrity of Composite Structures (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 654 or equivalent. Failure mechanisms of composite structures such as fracture, delamination. Specific areas include crashworthiness, flaws, tapered structures, and joints. Key research areas reflect special applications to aerospace engineering.

ENAE 757 Advanced Structural Dynamics (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 655 or equivalent. Model correlation and updating of multi degree-of-freedom structural systems. Wave propagation analysis of structural dynamics. Structural health monitoring and damage detection methods. Stationary and non-stationary methods for vibration analysis. Applications include rotorcraft, aircraft, and spacecraft structures.

ENAE 788 Selected Topics in Aerospace Engineering (1-3)

ENAE 791 Launch and Entry Vehicle Design (3) Prerequisite: ENAE 601. Design of aerospace vehicles for atmospheric transit to and from space. Generic formulation of atmospheric flight dynamics. Ballistic and lifting entry trajectories. Estimation of vehicle aerodynamic properties and aerothermodynamic heating. Entry thermal protection design. Trajectory analysis of sounding rockets and orbital launch vehicles. Serial, parallel, and hybrid multistaging schemes, optimal multistaging. Constrained trajectory optimization. Launch vehicle economic and reliability analysis, flight termination systems, sensors and actuators.

ENAE 799 Master's Thesis Research (1-6)

ENAE 899 Doctoral Dissertation Research (1-8)