GEOG -- Geography

GEOG 410 Colonial North America (3) The changing geography of the U.S. and Canada from pre-Columbian times to the end of the l8th century. Emphasis on areal variations, and changes in the settlements and economies of Indian and colonial populations. Areal specialization, and the changing patterns of agriculture, industry, trade and transportation. Population growth, composition and interior expansion. Regionalization.

GEOG 411 19th Century North America (3) An analysis of the changing geography of the U. S. and Canada from 1800 to the 1920's. The settlement, expansion and socio-economic development of the U. S., and comparisons with the Canadian experience. Immigration, economic activities, industrialization, transportation and urbanization.

GEOG 414 Historical Geography of the Hispanic World (3) The social, economic, political and cultural geography of the countries of the Iberian peninsula and Latin America in the past with concentration on specific time periods of special significance in the development of these countries.

GEOG 416 Overseas European Colonization and the Third World (3) The impact of European overseas expansion on Africa, Asia and Australasia during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Settlement patterns and territorial organization. Cultural and demographic change. Economic organization of space.

GEOG 421 Cultural Ecology (3) Basic issues concerning the natural history of humans from the perspective of the geographer. Basic components of selected behavioral and natural systems, their evolution and adaptation, and survival strategies.

GEOG 422 Population Geography (3) The spatial characteristics of population distribution and growth, migration, fertility and mortality from a global perspective. Basic population-environmental relationships; carrying capacity, density, relationships to national development.

GEOG 423 Political Geography (3) Geographical factors in the national power and international relations; an analysis of the role of "geopolitics" and "geostrategy," with special reference to the current world scene.

GEOG 430 Location Theory and Spatial Analysis (3) Theories and procedures for determining the optimal location of industrial, commercial and public facilities. Techniques to evaluate location decisions. The provision of services within regions and metropolitan areas. Emerging trends.

GEOG 433 Transportation Networks (3) Description and modeling of spatial components of transportation systems. The theory and practice of analyzing transportation networks, including nodes, links, routes, flows and regions. Examples drawn from different transportation nodes.

GEOG 434 Agricultural and Rural Development (3) Spatial organization of agricultural resources; major types of agricultural activities in the world and their relationship to geographic conditions. Problems of conservation.

GEOG 436 Issues in Urban Transportation (3) Spatial patterns of personal travel, movement of goods, and public transit services in cities. Transportation and land use. Public policy issues; transportation access, energy use, and neighborhood disruption. Methods of data collection and analysis, travel demand surveys.

GEOG 440 Process Geomorphology (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 340 or GEOL 340 or permission of department. A quantitative investigation of the fundamental geomorphic processes shaping modern landscapes, with emphasis on coastal, fluvial or glacial processes. Field, instrumentation and laboratory analyses.

GEOG 441 Geomorphological Environments (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 201 or GEOL 100 or permission of department. Analysis of regional geomorphic environments; arctic, alpine, coastal, desert. Fluvial and glacial landscape impacts. Discussion of historical environments.

GEOG 442 Urban Climates (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 345 or GEOG 347 or METO 301 or permission of department. Effects of cities on their climatic environment. Radiant energy budgets, urban heat islands, precipitation patterns and effects of the urban climate on human activities.

GEOG 446 Applied Climatology (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 345 or permission of department. Components of earth's radiation balance and energy budgets: radiation, soil heat flux and the evaporation process. Measurement and estimation techniques. Practical applications of microclimatological theory and techniques.

GEOG 448 Field and Laboratory Techniques in Environmental Science (1-3) Prerequisite: GEOG 201 or GEOL 100 or AGRO 105 or ENCE 221 or permission of department. Lecture and laboratory learning each week. A variable credit course that introduces field and laboratory analyses in environmental science. Individual learning contracts are developed with instructor.

GEOG 450 The Contemporary City (3) The contemporary urban system: towns, cities and metropolitan areas and their role as concentrations of social and economic activity. Patterns of land-use: residential, employment, commercial activity, manufacturing, and transportation. Explanatory and descriptive models. International comparisons.

GEOG 454 Washington, D.C.: Past and Present (3) Development of the Washington, D.C. area from its origin as the Federal Capital to its role as a major metropolitan area. The geographic setting, the L'Enfant Plan and its modification, the federal government role, residential and commercial structure. The growth of Washington's suburbs.

GEOG 456 The Social Geography of Metropolitan Areas (3) A socio-spatial approach to human interaction with the urban environment; ways people perceive, define, behave in, and structure their cities and metropolitan areas. Spatial patterns of social activities as formed by the distribution and interaction of people and social institutions.

GEOG 457 Historical Geography of North American Cities (3) The urbanization of the United States and Canada prior to 1920. The evolution of the urban system across each country and the spatial distribution of activities within cities. The process of industrialization and the concurrent structuring of residential patterns among ethnic groups.

GEOG 462 Water Resources Policy and Planning (3) Critical concepts in U.S. water resources management with emphasis on Federal fresh and surface water policy. Examination of water resources planning models, focusing on demand projections, prediction of water supply, and economic and environmental project evaluation.

GEOG 463 Geographic Aspects of Pollution (3) Impact of human activities on the environment and resulting pollution problems. Characteristics and spatial aspects of air, water, and land resource problems. Federal legislation and planning techniques to reduce pollution.

GEOG 464 Energy Resources and Planning in Developing Countries (3) The use and provision of energy in the developing countries and the environmental, economic, social and cultural factors which govern energy decisions at the regional, national, local, and household scale. Including some of the tools used in energy decision-making.

GEOG 467 Energy Resources and the Environment (3) Effects of energy resource utilization on the physical environment including land use, air and water quality, and solid waste generation. Recent laws and policies designed to reduce environmental impacts. Physical consequences of alternative energy technologies.

GEOG 470 Development of Cartographic Technology (3) Impacts of technological improvements in land surveying and maps production of graphic and spatial images. The formation, expansion and diffusion of geographic information. Study of cartographic imagery as a changing form of communication.

GEOG 471 Cartographic Production (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 370. Lecture and laboratory learning each week. Map making and modern methods of production and reproduction. Organization of artwork for multicolor or series map production including production planning and quality control.

GEOG 475 Principles of Map Design (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 370. The principles of designing maps for publication in print media, including books and atlases. The selection of symbols, colors, lettering, map projections, and map content. Constraints and problems in the classification and representation of map data.

GEOG 478 Problems in Cartography (3) Prerequisite: six credit hours in cartography or permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Special topics in cartography for advanced students. Topics can include problems of cartographic management; special use maps; automated map production; map pattern perception; tabular information from maps; map projections, transformations, and new technologies.

GEOG 480 Advanced Remote Sensing (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 372 or introductory remote sensing course in another department. Project-oriented approach to specific applications of remote sensing. Use of numerical, digital data and pictoral images from aircraft and space vehicles. Image display and enhancement. Applications in resources management and environmental studies.

GEOG 481 Advanced Computer Mapping (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 373 or permission of department. Advanced concepts in automated cartography. Computerized map projections and displays. Computer-assisted map design and symbolization.

GEOG 482 Geographic Information Systems (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 373 or permission of department. The construction and use of computer-based information systems. The collection, manipulation and automated display of geographical data. Applications in areas such as resource management, political districting, terrain analysis, and community planning.

GEOG 483 Survey of Computer Facilities for Geography and Urban Studies (1) The PRIME computer system. Graphics terminals, digitizers, plotters. File creation and use (PRIMOS), software for statistical analysis (MINITAB), relational data base management system (INFO), digitizing (DIGSRF2), contour mapping (SURFACE II), mapping of census data (CHOROMAP), symbol mapping (GIMMS). Other computer facilities on campus.

GEOG 484 Biogeography (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 347 or equivalent. Recommended: GEOG 123. Not open to graduate students. Current biogeographical topics of global significance, including a consideration of measurement techniques, and both descriptive and mechanistic modeling. Topics may include: scale in biogeography, climate and vegetation, global carbon cycle, biodiversity, interannual variability in the biosphere, land cover, global biospheric responses to climate change, NASA's Mission to Planet Earth and Earth Observation System.

GEOG 498 Topical Investigations (1-3) Restricted to advanced undergraduate students with credit for at least 24 hours in geography and to graduate students. Any exceptions should have approval of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Independent study under individual guidance.

GEOG 600 Introduction to Geography (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Introduces the student both to research procedures needed in graduate work and to current trends and developments in geographic research.

GEOG 601 Field Course (3)

GEOG 605 Quantitative Spatial Analysis (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 305; and GEOG 483, or permission of department. Multivariate statistical method applications to spatial problems. Linear and non-linear correlation and regression, factor analysis, cluster analysis. Spatial statistics including: trend surfaces, sequences, point distributions. Applications orientation.

GEOG 610 Research Tutorial (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 600; and permission of department. Development of research proposal: critical literature review; formulation of research methodology; data identification and evaluation. Individual meetings with faculty. Proposal defense before end of semester.

GEOG 615 Geomorphology (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 440 or permission of department. Survey and analysis of physical process in landscape evolution. Coastal processes, river mechanics and alpine glaciation.

GEOG 618 Seminar in Geomorphology (3) Selected topics; this can include discussion of empirical and theoretical research methods applied to geomorphological problems including review of pertinent literature.

GEOG 625 Advanced Climatology (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Advanced study of elements and controls of the earth's climates. Analysis of the energy and water balances at earth's surface and their importance and application to life on this planet: radiation, soil heat flux, evaporation and evapotranspiration.

GEOG 628 Seminar in Climatology (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Selected topics in climatology chosen to fit the individual needs of advanced students.

GEOG 648 Seminar in Cultural Geography (3) Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Examination of selected themes and problems in cultural geography.

GEOG 658 Seminar in Historical Geography (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. An examination of themes and problems in historical geography with reference to selected areas.

GEOG 668 Seminar in Economic Geography (3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Examination of themes and problems in the field of economic geography.

GEOG 679 Seminar in Urban Geography (3) Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Post-industrial urbanization; urban planning and management; metropolitan systems; internal structure of the city; use of techniques in urban locational research; transportation and land use.

GEOG 688 Seminar in Third World Devlopment (3) Selected topics in international development for the advanced student. Core-periphery spatial exchanges, location and accessibility issues, resource constraints and opportunities, planning for rural and agricultural development, urbanization processes, emerging regional patterns.

GEOG 694 Computerized Map Projections and Transformations (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 373 or equivalent in computer science, or permission of department. Computer generated projections; techniques for transforming one coordinate system to another; software for producing different map projections; mathematical and perceptual problems in producing and using projections.

GEOG 695 Spatial Models (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 483 or equivalent; and GEOG 605 or equivalent. Mathematical and other models for varied subject matter. Models for point, line, area, surface spatial data contexts. Descriptive and normative models. Aggregate and dis-aggregate models. Tools for research, planning, decision making. Information systems context. Intuitive understanding emphasized. Practical experience using several computer tools.

GEOG 696 Design for Geographic Information Systems (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 482 or permission of department. The design, use, and management of computer based geographic information systems. Computer assisted spatial data collection, management, and display in education, government, and industry.

GEOG 698 Seminar in Cartography (1-6) Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Selected topics; this can include: forensic cartography, tactile maps, design with new technologies, perception and cognitive mapping, history of cartography, laboratory management.

GEOG 699 Seminar in Computer Cartography (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 373 or equivalent course in computer science or permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Selected topics in computer-assisted cartography: algorithms for linear generalization, containing three-dimensional mapping and continuous-time mapping.

GEOG 788 Selected Topics in Geography (1-3) Prerequisite: permission of department. Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Readings and discussion on selected topics in the field of geography.

GEOG 789 Independent Readings (1-3) Repeatable to 6 credits if content differs. Independent reading as arranged between a graduate faculty member and graduate student.

GEOG 790 Internship in Geography (3) Field experience in the student's specialty in a federal, state, or local agency or private business. Research paper required.

GEOG 799 Master's Thesis Research (1-6)

GEOG 899 Doctoral Dissertation Research (1-8)